> Qu'est-ce qu'un cadre aujourd'hui ?

 

Les cadres sont 4,3 millions, soit 16,7% de la population active occupée. La part des cadres parmi les salariés est en croissance permanente.
 
Les conventions collectives caractérisent les cadres non seulement par leur diplôme de l’enseignement supérieur (un niveau de formation bac+3) ou une expérience professionnelle équivalente, mais également par l’exercice de fonctions d’encadrement, de compétences spécifiques et les responsabilités. Dans les Fonctions publiques, ce sont les agents de catégorie A et contractuels de niveau équivalent. Les mutations qui impactent aujourd’hui les cadres préfigurent les évolutions pour tout le salariat : fragmentation du travail et des parcours professionnels, polyvalence accrue, diversification des lieux et des temps, interpénétration avec la vie personnelle, difficulté les jeunes diplômés d’accéder au travail et pour les séniors de s’y maintenir.
 
Les modes d’organisation du travail, la relation au temps de travail, les usages des technologies, ont rendu plus floues les frontières entre cadres et non cadres et entre catégories professionnelles. La fonction, le rôle, le degré de responsabilité et d’expertise constituent des identifiants professionnels plus explicites qu’un statut cadre, très réducteur de la diversité des situations et ne jouant plus de rôle protecteur comme dans le passé.

Les modèles de gestion et de management sont questionnés dans les entreprises privées, les entreprises publiques et les administrations. Ils ont souvent montré leurs limites et sont de plus en plus critiqués. Outre le management c’est l’identité même de l’entreprise qui est globalement interrogée.

Comment, dans ce contexte, susciter la prise de responsabilité, favoriser la créativité et l’engagement, impulser l’innovation, dont les entreprises et les services publics ont cruellement besoin ?

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